He isn't playing football anymore. Also in US English, any more (two words) is used as a determiner to refer to quantities. There aren't any more cheesburgers.
In UK English, anymore is typically considered incorrect, and any more is the correct spelling for both parts of speech. Both "play" and "playing" is correct here. People often see him (who is) playing basketball on the playground at the weekend. People often see him (who) play basketball on the playground at the weekend.
who is playing in the football today, So essentially both carry the same meaning. I was playing hockey. You could use it as a way to say "No" when invited to play a game or a match or something similar. For example: Want to play a game of chess? I just played.
who is playing in the football today, Give me an hour to recharge my brain. If you say, "I was just playing" it means that you were just kidding around about whatever the topic of the conversation is. For ... Is it idiomatic to say "I just played" or "I was just playing" in ... I need to be playing in Europe I need to play in Europe Which sentence is more correct or is there any difference at all? You're presenting the participial phrase as a parenthetical, and probably supplemental, modifier.
The question is how to explain why it fails as a direct modifier. It fails because personal pronouns, especially in the subjective case, don't typically work that way. Things like "tall she" and "she playing the piano" aren't coherent phrases. Played myself in scrabble.